The State of Open Science Practices in Psychometric Studies of Suicide: A Systematic Review.

The adoption of open science practices (OSPs) is crucial for promoting transparency and robustness in research. We conducted a systematic review to assess the frequency and trends of OSPs in psychometric studies focusing on measures of suicidal thoughts and behavior. We analyzed publications from two international databases, examining the use of OSPs such as open access publication, preregistration, provision of open materials, and data sharing. Our findings indicate a lack of adherence to OSPs in psychometric studies of suicide. The majority of manuscripts were published under restricted access, and preregistrations were not utilized. The provision of open materials and data was rare, with limited access to instruments and analysis scripts. Open access versions (preprints/postprints) were scarce. The low adoption of OSPs in psychometric studies of suicide calls for urgent action. Embracing a culture of open science will enhance transparency, reproducibility, and the impact of research in suicide prevention efforts.

How do you Behave as a Psychometrician? Research Conduct in the Context of Psychometric Research

The identification of fraudulent and questionable research conduct is not something new. However, in the last 12 years the aim has been to identify specific problems and concrete solutions applicable to each area of knowledge. For example, previous work has focused on questionable and responsible research conducts associated with clinical assessment, measurement practices in psychology and related sciences; or applicable to specific areas of study, such as suicidology. One area of study that merits further study of questionable and responsible research behaviors is psychometrics. Focusing on psychometric research is important and necessary, as without adequate evidence of construct validity the overall validity of the research is at least debatable. Our interest here is to (a) identifying questionable research conduct specifically linked to psychometric studies; and (b) promoting greater awareness and widespread application of responsible research conduct in psychometrics research. We believe that the identification and recognition of these conducts is important and will help us to improve our daily work as psychometricians. (AU)

How do you Behave as a Psychometrician? Research Conduct in the Context of Psychometric Research.

The identification of fraudulent and questionable research conduct is not something new. However, in the last 12 years the aim has been to identify specific problems and concrete solutions applicable to each area of knowledge. For example, previous work has focused on questionable and responsible research conducts associated with clinical assessment, measurement practices in psychology and related sciences; or applicable to specific areas of study, such as suicidology. One area of study that merits further study of questionable and responsible research behaviors is psychometrics. Focusing on psychometric research is important and necessary, as without adequate evidence of construct validity the overall validity of the research is at least debatable. Our interest here is to (a) identifying questionable research conduct specifically linked to psychometric studies; and (b) promoting greater awareness and widespread application of responsible research conduct in psychometrics research. We believe that the identification and recognition of these conducts is important and will help us to improve our daily work as psychometricians.

Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale: Evidence of Construct Validity in Argentinians.

Suicide is a global public health problem. The goal of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the measurement of suicide severity based on the Columbia suicide severity rating scale. We worked with a sample of 516 Argentinean adults, aged 18 to 75. The fit of a measurement model that differentiates between the various degrees of suicidal severity was verified. The specified model returns fit values above the suggested cut-off points, both for the occurrence and frequency indicators. The internal consistency indices from the composite reliability coefficient also show values above the cut-off points for both occurrence and frequency. Finally, evidence of construct validity was obtained from the relationship with external variables. The results are consistent with the theory, showing stronger effects of hopelessness on suicidal ideation compared to suicide attempts. Overall, evidence of construct validity for the measurement of suicidal severity is presented, a contribution that is essential in remedying the lack of studies on suicide in the region and promoting prevention strategies.

Internal Structure of Beck Hopelessness Scale: An Analysis of Method Effects Using the CT-C(M-1) Model.

ABTRACTThe construct validity in relation to the dimensionality or factor structure of the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) has long been debated in psychometrics. Irrelevant variance due to item wording (method effects) can distort the factor structure, and recent studies have examined the method factor's role in the factor structure of the BHS. However, the models used to control the method effects have severe limitations, and new models are needed. One such model is the correlated trait-correlated method minus one (CT-C(M-1)), which is a powerful approach that gives the trait factor an unambiguous meaning and prevents the anomalous results associated with fully symmetrical bifactor modeling. The present work compares the fit and factor structure of the CT-C(M-1) model to bifactor models proposed in previous literature and evaluates the criterion validity of the CT-C(M-1) model and its discriminatory capacity by taking suicidal ideation as the criterion variable. This study used a large and heterogeneous open mode online sample of Argentinian people (N = 2,164). The results indicated that the CT-C(M-1) model with positive words as referenced items achieves the most adequate factor structure. The factorial scores derived from this model demonstrate good predictive and discriminating capabilities.

Identification Performance During Quarantine by COVID-19 Pandemic: Influence of Emotional Variables and Sleep Quality.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused major disruptions in people's lives around the globe. Sleep habits and emotional balance have been disturbed in a way that could be comparable to the havoc caused by a deep personal crisis or a traumatic experience. This unfortunate situation provides a unique context in which to study the impact of these imbalances on cognitive processes. In particular, the field of eyewitness science could benefit from these conditions, since they are also often present in crime victims, but can only be generated in the laboratory up to a certain ethical and practical limit. For several decades, eyewitness studies have tried to discover what variables affect people's ability to properly recognize faces. However, the disparity of experimental designs and the limitations of laboratory work could be contributing to the lack of consensus around several factors, such as sleep, anxiety, and depression. Therefore, the possibility of observing the influence of these agents in natural contexts could shed light on this discussion. Here, we perform simple and repeated lineups with witnesses of mock-crime, considering the conditions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, which to some extent allow emulating the deterioration in general well-being that often afflicts crime victims. For this, 72 participants completed symptomatology scales, and watched a video portraying a staged violent episode. Subsequently, they gave testimony and participated in two lineups, in which we manipulated the presence/absence of the perpetrator, to recreate critical scenarios for the appearance of false recognitions. We found an increase in recognition errors in those individuals who did not have access to the perpetrator during the Initial lineup. Additionally, the conditions of the pandemic appear to have adversely affected the ability to witness and accurately perform lineups. These results reaffirm the need to move toward the standardization of research practices and methods for assessing testimonial evidence, especially in relation to the results of the lineups. Considering the degree of fallibility of these processes can lead to a reduction of wrongful convictions.

A narrative review of emotion regulation process in stress and recovery phases.

The difficulty in studying the relationship between stress and emotional regulation is due to the need to contemplate a dynamic perspective that analyzes the moderating role of stress. In fact, stress involves different phases or stages, and the neurocognitive processes involved in emotion regulation differ significantly between these phases. The period of anticipation of stressful events can be fundamental to understand the process of stress regulation; however, surprisingly few works have analyzed the differential activation of brain networks involved in cognitive regulation during the phases of stress and recovery. Taking this into consideration, within this study we propose to analyze in an integrated way the psychological and neurobiological processes during the phase of stress and recovery, with the aim of improving our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie successful and unsuccessful stress regulation. We consider that from the present review we contribute to achieve a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying successful and unsuccessful stress regulation would contribute to the improvement of prevention and treatment interventions for mental disorders.

Interdisciplinaria: Revista de Psicología y Ciencias Afines. Un análisis bibliométrico (2009-2017) / Interdisciplinaria: Revista de Psicología y Ciencias Afines. A bibliometric analysis (2009-2017)

Resumen El estudio tuvo por objetivo realizar un análisis bibliométrico de Interdisciplinaria: Revista de Psicología y Ciencias Afines, considerando las publicaciones indizadas en la base bibliográfica Scopus (2009-2017). A partir de una muestra final de 173 artículos científicos, se realizó la descripción de la distribución de los documentos según el sexo de los autores y el idioma de la publicación, así también, se evaluó el cumplimiento de la ley de Lotka sobre la producción científica de los autores. Además, se estimaron índices de colaboración (Lawani, 1981, 1986; Subramanyam, 1983) y se visualizaron las relaciones entre los países de las instituciones de filiación de los autores firmantes. De igual forma, se describió la concentración de trabajos de acuerdo con áreas temáticas y metodologías de investigación. En los resultados se destaca una mayor presencia de mujeres en comparación con los hombres, tanto en la primera autoría como en el total de autores. Así también, se cumple con la ley de Lotka y se visualiza el incremento de trabajos colaborativos en los últimos dos trienios, lo cual se evidencia en los índices de colaboración descritos. Por otra parte, se encontró que los trabajos se concentran en áreas como la psicología educacional, metodología y psicometría. Finalmente, se observa que predominan los trabajos que siguieron metodología cuantitativa. El análisis y discusión de los resultados permite mostrar el trabajo realizado por Interdisciplinaria en los últimos años, siendo un referente para la comunicación del conocimiento científico en los países de Iberoamérica.

Abstract Scientific journals constitute the main channels of the dissemination of scientific knowledge. For this reason, in recent years, the amount of bibliometric studies aiming to elucidate the main features of published articles has increased. This allows for the understanding of investigated topics, contribution and collaboration among authors, institutions and countries involved, as well as the identification of new trends of research. In the field of psychology, the journals with the greatest impact are edited and managed in Anglo-American and Western European countries. Within the Latin American context however, there are also significant editorial efforts to publish relevant articles as in the case of Interdisciplinaria: Revista de Psicología y Ciencias Afines, considered a mainstream scientific journal that is indexed in important bibliographic databases (Scopus, WoS- Scielo Citation Index, Scielo) which have maintained the journal's validity for more than 35 years. The importance of Interdisciplinaria motivates novel research into the characteristics of the scientific articles it publishes. Therefore, this study carries out a bibliometric analysis of Interdisciplinaria, considering the publications indexed in the bibliographic database Scopus (2009-2017). First the history, current status of the journal, and the importance of the bibliometric studies are presented. Then, the process of identification, selection and registration of scientific articles published and indexed in Scopus is formally addressed. From a final sample of 173 articles, the documents were broken down according to the authors' gender and the language of the publication. Moreover, the compliance with Lotka's Law on the scientific production of the authors was evaluated. Also, the collaboration rates (Lawani, 1981, 1986; Subramanyam, 1983) were estimated and the collaborative relationships among countries of the authors' affiliations were displayed. Hence, the sampled works were categorized according to thematic areas and research methodologies. The results reveal a greater presence of women than men, both in the first authorship and in the total authors. Thus the author distribution complies with Lotka's Law. In particular, it is noted that few authors have the highest number of contributions, while many authors have the least number of contributions. With regard to collaborative work, a substantial increase appeared in the last two triennia (2012-2014 and 2015-2017). This is evident by computing the values of the Lawani and Subramanyam rates. Furthermore, the works are concentrated in areas such as educational psychology, methodology, and psychometry among others (e.g. neuropsychology, comparative psychology, environmental psychology). Finally, it was noted that contributions on quantitative methodology predominated, followed by theoretical studies. The analysis and discussion of the results allow Interdisciplinaria to be used as a reference in the communication of scientific knowledge in Latin America countries, concluding that its denomination as a journal of psychology and related sciences is fairly attributed, since it publishes studies from different fields, a number of which show the connection between psychology and other disciplines.

Thirty years of Psicothema: a bibliometric analysis (1989-2018) / Treinta Años de la Revista Psicothema: un Análisis Bibliométrico (1989-2018)

BACKGROUND: This study presents a bibliometric analysis of Psicothema as a commemoration for its 30 years of publishing (1989-2018). METHODS: A year-, sex-, and publication language-based analysis of the journal's characteristics was carried out based on the sample of 2,396 publications. Based on that data, Lotka's law was assessed, Lawani and Subramanyam indices and cooperation networks were estimated, the Pratt index was calculated, the concentration of papers according to thematic areas and research methods was described, and citations and impact indicators were obtained according to the original articles indexed in Web of Science (1993-2018). RESULTS: The results indicated greater participation by male authors, increased publication in English, compliance with Lotka's law, and a greater inter-institutional contribution in recent decades. There was a higher percentage of methodology/psychometrics-related work, and most of these publications used quantitative methods. The impact factor and the amount of citations reached its peak in 2018. CONCLUSION: The characteristics of Psicothema, which is a model of scientific communication of psychology in the international context, are discussed in this study

Treinta Años de la Revista Psicothema: un Análisis Bibliométrico (1989-2018). ANTECEDENTES: el estudio presenta un análisis bibliométrico de la revista Psicothema, como una forma de conmemorar sus 30 años de labor editorial (1989-2018). MÉTODO: partiendo de una muestra de 2.396 publicaciones, se realizó la descripción de sus características según el año, el sexo de los autores y el idioma de publicación; se evaluó la Ley de Lotka; se estimaron los índices (Lawani y Subramanyam) y redes de colaboración; se calculó el índice de Pratt y se describió la concentración de trabajos según áreas temáticas y métodos de investigación; y, considerando los artículos originales indizados en Web of Science (1993-2018), se obtuvieron indicadores de citación e impacto. RESULTADOS: se encontró una mayor participación de autores hombres, el incremento de publicaciones en inglés, el cumplimiento de la Ley de Lotka y una mayor colaboración interinstitucional en las últimas décadas. Además, se encontró un mayor porcentaje de trabajos en Metodología-Psicometría y la mayoría de las publicaciones utilizaron métodos cuantitativos. Asimismo, se halló que el factor de impacto y la cantidad de citaciones obtuvieron sus valores más altos en el 2018. CONCLUSIONES: se discuten las características de una revista que es un referente de la comunicación científica en psicología en el contexto internacional

Affective comorbidity in patients with hypertension: a case-control study on adults in the Dominican Republic / Comorbilidad afectiva en personas con hipertensión arterial: un estudio de caso-control en adultos dominicanos

Abstract Research on the relationship between hypertension and variables linked to negative affectivity has given rise to divergent findings and differing interpretations. The main objective of this paper was therefore to shed light on the issue by analyzing measures of depression, anxiety and anger in adults suffering from hypertension (HTN). Based on a case-control design, a group of individuals suffering from HTN (n=50) was compared with a control group of the same number of cases, age and sex. In general, the HTN Group showed higher levels of depression in its somatic dimension and of trait anger in its temperament dimension. Individuals with HTN presented symptoms of irritability and loss of energy (depressive-somatic symptoms) and propensity to anger easily (temperament anger symptoms). It has been demonstrated in preceding researches that addressing these comorbid psychological factors is of importance in increase adherence to medical treatment in patients who have been diagnosed with hypertension or similar pathologies.

Resumen En la literatura científica se encuentra un gran número de controversias y resultados dispares a la hora de explicar la relación entre la hipertensión arterial y algunas variables vinculadas a la afectividad negativa, como la depresión, la ansiedad y la ira. Teniendo esto en cuenta, en la presente investigación se planteó como objetivo principal analizar medidas de ansiedad, depresión e ira en personas adultas que padecen de hipertensión arterial (HTA). A partir de un diseño de caso-control, se contrastaron dos grupos, uno conformado por personas con HTA (n = 50) y otro de control equiparado en número de casos, edad y sexo. A nivel general, el grupo de HTA mostró mayores niveles de depresión -en su dimensión somática- y de ira-rasgo -en su dimensión de temperamento-. Asimismo, las personas con HTA presentaron síntomas de irritabilidad y pérdida de energía -síntomas depresivo-somáticos-, además de que tendían a enojarse con facilidad o rápidamente -síntomas de temperamento de ira-. El abordaje de estos factores psicológicos comórbidos resulta de relevancia dado que en estudios precedentes ha demostrado aumentar la adherencia al tratamiento médico en pacientes que han sido diagnosticados con hipertensión o patologías similares.

Núcleo básico en el análisis de datos cualitativos: pasos, técnicas de identificación de temas y formas de presentación de resultados / Basic Core in the Analysis of Qualitative Data: Steps, Techniques to Identify Themes, and Data Display Forms

Resumen En la investigación cualitativa, el análisis y la interpretación de los datos es una tarea de difícil manejo, incluso para los investigadores más experimentados. Si bien existen muchas técnicas disponibles para llevar a cabo el análisis de datos cualitativos, algunos autores relevantes del área proponen que es posible identificar un núcleo básico sin necesidad de hacer coincidir las distintas perspectivas del método cualitativo. Hacer foco en esta comunalidad permitirá hacer más comprensible la tarea de análisis para los investigadores noveles. El objetivo principal del presente trabajo es mostrar en qué consiste este núcleo básico de análisis, dando cuenta de los pasos necesarios para llevarlo a cabo. Además, se revisan técnicas concretas para la detección de temas, se presentan ejemplos haciendo uso del software Atlas.ti, y se muestran las formas posibles de presentación de los resultados.

Abstract Within the research process, the analysis of the data emerges as one of the most important steps. In qualitative research, the analysis of data is a difficult task for even the most experienced researchers and often brings up many doubts about the way to implement it. It is therefore necessary to have material that facilitates the analysis process. Even though there are numerous manuals that focus on the analysis of qualitative data, researchers often can be confused with the large number of names that this type of analysis receives (e.g. Thematic Analysis, Content Analysis) or with the various qualitative methods (e.g. Phenomenology, Grounded Theory) that are available. Each of these qualitative approaches presents a particular language to detail the research process, which makes it difficult to recognize common aspects shared by these methods. Recently, the American Psychological Association has emphasized the need to identify, within the various qualitative methods and procedures, shared standards for reporting this type of work. In agreement with the above, several qualitative researchers have pointed out that beyond the aforementioned diversity it is possible to identify a basic core with regard to qualitative analysis, without having to match the different perspectives of the qualitative method, such as Grounded Theory, Ethnography ore Phenomenology. Focusing on this communality will facilitate a simpler and clearer approach to the data analysis process. The analysis process mainly involves 1) data condensation, and 2) presentation of results. Following this line, the present manuscript aims to: (a) develop what the basic core of data analysis consists of, (b) show the necessary steps to carry out this analysis process, (c) review specific techniques for the detection of categories, (d) present examples using the Atlas.ti software, and (e) show the possible ways of presenting the results. Researchers have realized the importance of having methodological works that facilitate the analysis of qualitative data, and allow answering the question: What does qualitative analysis look like in practice?. The development of this type of work pretends on the one hand to facilitate the understanding of the process of qualitative data analysis and, on the other hand, serve to shape better and in a more standard way which was the data analysis procedure applied in the respective investigations. This material should be taken as a first step in the understanding of the process, and it should not be understood that the qualitative analysis is reduced only to what is developed in this article. For example, in the first level grouping step or first coding cycle, the researcher can make use of 25 different types or forms of coding (e.g., live coding). Even so, the development of works such as the present manuscript is intended to facilitate the understanding and reporting the process of qualitative data analysis. Beyond the name with which the researcher calls the analysis procedure carried out, it is relevant to report in his works the basic steps (i.e. Identification, First and Second Level of Categorization), and the specific techniques used to detect categories or topics (e.g. repetition or similarities). Likewise, it is advisable to follow the guidelines recently published by the APA for the publication of qualitative research. We hope that this material will be useful especially for new researchers who need an introductory text to carry out the qualitative data analysis.

Towards an Explanatory Model of Suicidal Ideation: The Effects of Cognitive Emotional Regulation Strategies, Affectivity and Hopelessness.

Suicide constitutes a public health problem that has a significant economic, social and psychological impact on a global scale. Recently, the American Psychological Association has indicated that suicide prevention should be a public health priority. Suicidal ideation appears as a key variable in suicide prevention. The objective of this research was to verify the adjustment of an explanatory model for suicidal ideation, which considers the effects of cognitive emotion regulation strategies, affectivity and hopelessness. An open mode on-line sample of 2,166 Argentine participants was used and a path analysis was carried out. The results make it possible to conclude that the model presents an optimal fit (χ2 = .10, p = .75, CFI = .99, RMSEA = .01) and predicts 42% of suicidal thoughts. The model proves to be invariant based on age and gender. In conclusion, there is an importance of reducing the use of automatic strategies, such as repetitive negative thoughts of ruminative type, and increasing the use of more controlled strategies, such as reinterpretation or planning.

Towards an explanatory model of suicidal ideation: the effects of cognitive emotional regulation strategies, affectivity and hopelessness

Suicide constitutes a public health problem that has a significant economic, social and psychological impact on a global scale. Recently, the American Psychological Association has indicated that suicide prevention should be a public health priority. Suicidal ideation appears as a key variable in suicide prevention. The objective of this research was to verify the adjustment of an explanatory model for suicidal ideation, which considers the effects of cognitive emotion regulation strategies, affectivity and hopelessness. An open mode on-line sample of 2,166 Argentine participants was used and a path analysis was carried out. The results make it possible to conclude that the model presents an optimal fit (χ2 = .10, p = .75, CFI = .99, RMSEA = .01) and predicts 42% of suicidal thoughts. The model proves to be invariant based on age and gender. In conclusion, there is an importance of reducing the use of automatic strategies, such as repetitive negative thoughts of ruminative type, and increasing the use of more controlled strategies, such as reinterpretation or planning

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Concepciones de la Felicidad y su relación con el Bienestar Subjetivo: un estudio mediante Redes Semánticas Naturales / Conceptions of happiness and its relationship with subjective well-being: A study through Natural Semantic Networks

La búsqueda de la felicidad es uno de los fines más ansiados por los seres humanos. Así mismo, cada vez son más los estudios dentro de la psicología que buscan hallar cuáles son los factores involucrados en la felicidad. Existen dos grandes enfoques para su estudio, el paradigma hedonista y el paradigma eudaimónico. El paradigma hedónico propone que el bienestar depende principalmente de vivir una vida con experiencias placenteras; mientras que el paradigma eudaimónico refiere que el bienestar no solo se logra mediante el placer, sino principalmente a través de la actualización del potencial humano. En el presente estudio se trabajó con una muestra compuesta por 340 ciudadanos de Córdoba (Argentina) para indagar cuáles son sus concepciones sobre la felicidad mediante la técnica de Redes Semánticas Naturales (RSN). En este sentido, se propusieron dos hipótesis: 1) los participantes concebirán la felicidad tanto en términos hedónicos como eudaimónicos y 2) aquellos participantes con mayores niveles de felicidad tendrán una concepción predominantemente eudaimónica de la felicidad. La primera de las hipótesis pudo corroborarse de manera amplia dado que las definiciones obtenidas, tanto en la muestra total como en los grupos comparados, contenían tanto componentes hedónicos como eudaimónicos. Así mismo, se aporta evidencia a favor de la segunda hipótesis, esto es que los participantes con mayores niveles de felicidad subjetiva presentan una concepción predominantemente eudaimónica de la felicidad.

The pursuit of happiness is one of the most coveted goals of human beings. There are increasingly more psychology studies seeking to find which factors are involved in happiness. There are two main approaches to this study: the hedonic and the eudaemonic paradigms. The hedonic paradigm proposes that well-being depends primarily on living a life with pleasant experiences, while the eudaemonic paradigm refers that well-being is not only achieved through pleasure, but mainly through upgrading the human potential. In the present study we worked with a sample consisting of 340 citizens of Córdoba (Argentina) to investigate which conceptions they have about happiness by the technique of Natural Semantic Networks (NSN). Two hypotheses were proposed in this regard: 1) participants will conceive happiness both in hedonic and eudaemonic terms, and 2) those participants with higher levels of happiness will have a predominantly eudaemonic conception of happiness. The first hypothesis was corroborated broadly, because the definitions obtained in the total sample and in the groups being compared contained both hedonic and eudaemonic components. Likewise, evidence favoring the second hypothesis is also provided; that is, participants with higher levels of subjective happiness have a predominantly eudaemonic conception of happiness.

Evidencias de validez y fiabilidad de las Puntuaciones del STAXI-2 para población general y hospitalaria: Estudio con una muestra de adultos de República Dominicana / Evidence of validity and reliability of the STAXI-2 Scores for the general and hospital population: Study with a sample of adults from the Dominican Republic

Resumen Para evaluar la experiencia, expresión y control de la ira, Spielberger construyó el Inventario State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory. El presente trabajo se propuso evaluar la validez y confiabilidad de las puntuaciones de la versión española del STAXI-2 para población general y hospitalaria de República Dominicana. Con este fin se analizó su estructura factorial, se evaluó la consistencia interna del instrumento, y se obtuvieron evidencias de validez mediante el contraste de grupo (población general vs. hospitalaria). Para realizar el estudio se trabajó con muestra de total de 1034 participantes, de población general (N = 792) y hospitalaria (N = 242) de la ciudad de Santiago de los Caballeros, República Dominicana. El análisis factorial confirmatorio permitió verificar el ajuste de los modelos originales para todas las escalas de ira (i.e. modelo de tres factores para la escala de ira-estado; modelo de dos factores para la escala de ira-rasgo; y modelo de cuatro factores para la escala de control y expresión de la ira). Todas las dimensiones descritas alcanzaron índices de fiabilidad aceptables y óptimos. Finalmente, las escalas consideradas discriminaron adecuadamente entre población general y hospitalaria, especialmente cuando se consideró la muestra psiquiátrica. En conjunto los resultados permiten concluir que las puntuaciones de la versión española del STAXI-2 son válidas y confiables para medir el estado-rasgo, y control-expresión de la ira en República Dominicana.

Abstract To measure the experience, expression and control of anger, Spielberger built the Inventory State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory. This paper under took to evaluate the validity and reliability of the scores of the Spanish version of the STAXI-2 for the general and hospital population of the DR. To this end, the factorial structure was analyzed, the internal consistency of the instrument was evaluated, and evidence of validity was obtained by contrasting groups (general vs. hospital population). To conduct the study, we worked with a sample of 1034 participants from both the general population (N = 792) and hospital population (N = 242) from the city of Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic. The confirmatory factor analysis allowed to verify the adjustment of the original models for all anger scales (i.e. three-factor model for the anger-state scale, two-factor model for the anger-trait scale, and four-factor model for the scale of control and expression of anger). All the dimensions reached acceptable or optimal reliability indexes. Finally, the scales adequately discriminated between the general and hospital population, especially when the psychiatric sample was considered. Overall, the results allow us to conclude that the scores of the Spanish version of the STAXI-2 are valid and reliable to measure the state trait, and control-expression of anger in the DR.

Estructura del bienestar subjetivo mediante análisis bifactor: ¿Unidimensional o multidimensional? / Estrutura do bem-estar subjetivo mediante análise bifator: unidimensional ou multidimensional? / Subjective well-being, unidimensional or multidimensional? Bi-factor analysis in a sample of college students

En la presente investigación se analizó la estructura del bienestar subjetivo (BS) propuesto por Diener (1985) aplicando un modelo bifactor. Participaron 281 estudiantes cordobeses (61.2% mujeres; Medad = 21.7) que fueron evaluados con la Satisfaction with Life Scale y la Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, siendo la primera una medida de satisfacción con la vida (SV) y la segunda, de afecto positivo (AP) y negativo (AN). Fue realizado el análisis factorial confirmatorio con el fin de evaluar dos modelos: oblicuo (AP, AN, y SV) y bifactor, con un factor general (FG) que representan el BS, y tres específicos. El modelo bifactor tuvo mejor ajuste, aunque los resultados obtenidos (e.g., ωh) indican que el FG sólo explica el 15,9% de la variabilidad de las puntuaciones. Por eso, el modelo propuesto por Diener (1985) tiene mayor respaldo, demostrando evidencia sobre la multidimensionalidad del BS al diferenciar aspectos afectivos y cognitivos. (AU)

Na presente pesquisa, foi analisada a estrutura do Bem-Estar Subjetivo (BS) proposto por Diener (1985), aplicando um modelo bi-fatorial. Participaram 281 estudantes cordobeses (61,2% mulheres, Mida = 21,7), que foram avaliadas com a Satisfaction with Life Scale e a Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, sendo a primeira a medida de satisfação com a vida (SV) e a segunda, de afeto positivo (AP) e negativo (AN). Foi executada a análise fatorial confirmatória para avaliar dois modelos: oblíquo (AP, AN, y SV) e bi-fatorial, com um fator geral (FG) que representa BS, e três específicos. O modelo bi-fatorial teve melhor ajuste, embora os resultados obtidos (por exemplo, ωh) indicaram que o FG só explica o 15,9% da variabilidade dos scores. Por isso, o modelo proposto por Diener (1985) tem maior respaldo, o que fornece evidência sobre a multidimensionalidade do BS ao diferenciar afetivos e cognitivos. (AU)

In the present study the subjective well-being structure (WB) proposed by Diener (1985) was analyzed through application of a bi-factor model. A total of 281 students from Córdoba, Argentina, 61.2% women, M(age) = 21.7, participated in the study, and were evaluated with Satisfaction with Life Scale (LS), and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PA and NA, respectively). Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to evaluate two models: oblique (PA, NA and LS) and bi-factor with a general factor (GF) representing WB, and three specific ones. The bi-factor model had a better fit, although results obtained (e.g., ωh) indicate that GF only accounts for 15.9% of the variability of scores. For this reason, the model proposed by Diener (1985) has more support, which shows evidence on the multidimensionality of WB by differentiating affective and cognitive. (AU)

Propiedades psicométricas del Inventario de ansiedad estado-rasgo en población general y hospitalaria de República Dominicana / Psychometric properties of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory in the general and hospital population of the Dominican Republic

ANTECEDENTES: El presente estudio tiene por objetivo: a) examinar la estructura interna del STAI en población dominicana; b) verificar la consistencia interna; c) obtener evidencias de validez de criterio correlacionando las puntuaciones del STAI con depresión, y d) comparar las puntuaciones del STAI en población general y hospitalaria, examinando su capacidad discriminativa. MÉTODO: Para la validación del STAI se utilizó una muestra de 1,034 participantes constituida por población general (n = 792) y hospitalaria (n = 242) de Santiago de los Caballeros, República Dominicana. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados avalan una solución factorial de 2 factores denominados ansiedad presente y bienestar. Esta solución da cuenta de adecuados índices de ajuste y consistencia interna aceptable y óptima. Por otra parte, los análisis de validez mediante comparación de grupos permiten corroborar que la escala distingue adecuadamente entre población general y psiquiátrica. Finalmente, se encuentran correlaciones fuertes entre la ansiedad y los niveles de depresión

BACKGROUND: The present study aims to: a) examine the internal structure of STAI in the Dominican population; b) verify internal consistency; c) obtain evidence of criterion validity by correlating STAI scores with depression, and d) compare STAI scores in general and hospital population, to examine their discriminative capacity. METHOD: For the validation of the STAI scale, a sample of 1034 participants from the general (n = 792) and hospital (n = 242) population of Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The results support a factorial solution of two factors, namely present anxiety and well-being. This solution provides adequate index of fit and optimum internal consistency. On the other hand, validity analyses through group comparison allowed us to confirm that the scale adequately distinguishes between general and psychiatric populations. Finally, there are strong correlations between anxiety and depression levels

El lugar de la psicología en las investigaciones empíricas del suicidio en Argentina: Un estudio bibliométrico / State of psychological empirical research on suicide in Argentine: A bibliometric study

El suicidio constituye un problema de salud pública que tiene un gran impacto económico, social y psicológico a nivel mundial. Cada año se estima que mueren cerca de un millón de pers-nas en todo el mundo debido al suicidio. De lo anterior se desprende la importancia de contar con investigaciones empíricas que sustenten todo tipo de accionar en la problemática del suicidio, desde políticas en salud pública hasta tratamientos psicológicos. Dada la relevancia del tema, el estudio bibliométrico realizado tuvo como principal objetivo verificar la producción empírica sobre el suicidio en Argentina, haciendo especial énfasis en el lugar de la Psicología en dicha producción. Sintetizando, los resultados permiten concluir que la producción empírica sobre el suicidio en los principales países de Sudamérica es muy baja; más aún si se considera solamente a Argentina. Otra conclusión importante tiene que ver con la menor implicancia de la ciencia psicológica en el abordaje empírico del suicidio, comparando los aportes desde un enfoque médico. Estas conclusiones invitan a reflexionar sobre la necesidad de un mayor abordaje empírico del suicidio en la región, y particularmente en Argentina.

Suicide is a major problem of public health leading to great economic, social, and psychological costs worldwide. Around one million people die every year on the world due to suicide. Furthermore, suicide is responsible for half of violent deaths worldwide exceeding even the combination of deaths due to war or homicide. Taking into account the above, researchers around the world recommended concerted efforts to generate actions, research, and investigation with the objective of reduce risk to suicide. Therefore, evidence from empirical research supporting public health policies and psychological treatments is needed. The present article introduces a bibliometric study aimed to examine the state of empirical research on suicide in Argentina, and specially the amount of psychological empirical research. Specifically, research methodology consists of the following aspects: As regards the criteria of inclusion / exclusion of articles, the search focused on the detection of empirical suicide articles. In this sense, the main criterion for inclusion in the analysis was based on studies that have been published or were being published in scientific journals. For the aforementioned reasons, they were excluded from this study theoretical article, books, book chapters, theses, and conference presentation. Also, those articles that used the term suicide to address problems outside the addressed (e.g., Suicide Gene Therapy) were excluded from the analysis. In relation to the search strategy, the main database used has been Scopus, which maintains a leading position among bibliographic databases. In this sense, the journals included in the database have very high quality standards. The two principal terms used in the search have been suicide and suicidal. The selection of these two words is because account for the main variables involved in suicide, as expressed in terms such Suicide attempt, Suicidal act, Suicidal behavior and Suicide ideation. The full search term applied in SCOPUS is transcribed below: TITLE (suicide) OR TITLE (suicidal) AND NOT TITLE (suicidal gene) AND NOT TITLE (gene therapy) AND NOT TITLE (suicidal dna) AND NOT TITLE (suicide dna) AND NOT TITLE (suicide drugs) AND NOT TITLE (eryptosis) AND NOT TITLE (streptococcus pneumoniae) AND NOT TITLE (assisted suicidal) AND NOT TITLE (assisted suicide) AND NOT TITLE (iron suicide) AND NOT TITLE (proton suicide method) AND LIMIT-TO (DOCTYPE, "ar") OR LIMIT-TO (DOCTYPE, "re") OR LIMIT-TO (DOCTYPE,"ip"). Other databases consulted were LILACS and PUBMED. PUBMED is open access and is the main database of health sciences in the world, produced by the National Library of Medicine in the United States. These bases were mainly used to supplement the data obtained by SCOPUS and specifically, were used to achieve a broader and more complete picture of empirical studies on suicide, carried out specifically in Argentina. LILACS search term used was suici$ (Argentina). In PUBMED search term used was suici* (Argentina). The sign * and $ were used to retrieve words of the same family, such as suicide or suicidal. Finally, for the calculation of bibliometric indicators we took into account the suggestions given in the international literature. Thus, the following descriptive data were analyzed: number of items by country, number of items by country depending on the year, international collaboration of , considering year too, language of publication of articles, and thematic areas involved. Results show that scientific literature concerning suicide in South America is limited, even more in Argentine. Moreover, most research in suicide is based on medical rather than psychological approach. Indeed, regarding the number of publications (f = 443) in South American countries, they only represent 1.49% of the articles published worldwide. The scientific research on suicide is even more critical in Argentina. Specifically, when considering publications on Scopus, LILACS and PUBMED, empirical research in this country represents only 1.41% of the extant literature on suicide. However, in recent years there have been an increasing number of publications from which may reflects a burgeoning interest in this topic. Results also indicate a greater collaboration between Argentina and other countries, particularly United States, as indicated by co-authorship studies (f = 6). Surprisingly, collaboration with (main producer of scientific articles in the South American region) is scarce (f = 2). Finally, take into account publications from in research data bases analyzed (Scopus, LILACS, and PUBMED) we note that most research on suicide has been published in medical journals (f = 30;71.42%), while a lower number of articles has been published in psychological journals (f = 5; 1.19%).Globally, these results claim for more empirical research in suicide from psychologist, particularly in Argentina.